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Taxi Driver
Directed by	Martin Scorsese
Produced by
Written by	Paul Schrader
Starring
Music by	Bernard Herrmann
Cinematography	Michael Chapman
Edited by
Production company
Distributed by	Columbia Pictures
Release date
Running time	113 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$1.9 million[1][2]
Box office	$28.3 million[3]

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Travis Bickle is an ex-Marine and Vietnam War veteran living in New York City. As he suffers from insomnia, he spends his time working as a taxi driver at night, watching porn movies at seedy cinemas during the day, or thinking about how the world, New York in particular, has deteriorated into a cesspool. De Niro obtained a taxi driver's license, and when on break would pick up a taxi and drive around New York for a couple of weeks, before returning to Rome to resume filming 1900. De Niro apparently lost 35 pounds and listened repeatedly to a taped reading of the diaries of Arthur Bremer. Watch Taxi Driver Online - Watch online anytime anywhere: Stream, Download, Buy Taxi Driver is currently available to watch free on Vudu Free and stream, download, buy on demand at Amazon Prime, Amazon, Vudu, Google Play, FandangoNow, iTunes, YouTube VOD online.

Taxi Driver is a 1976 American neo-noir^[4]psychologicalcrimedrama film^[5] directed by Martin Scorsese, written by Paul Schrader, and starring Robert De Niro, Jodie Foster, Cybill Shepherd, Harvey Keitel, Peter Boyle, Albert Brooks (in his first film) and Leonard Harris. Set in a decaying and morally bankrupt New York City following the Vietnam War, the film tells the story of a lonely veteran (De Niro) working as a taxi driver, who descends into insanity as he plots to assassinate both the presidential candidate (Harris) for whom the woman he is infatuated with (Shepherd) works, and the pimp (Keitel) of an underage prostitute (Foster) he befriends.

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A critical and commercial success upon release and nominated for four Academy Awards, including for Best Picture, Best Actor (for De Niro) and Best Supporting Actress (for Foster), Taxi Driver won the Palme d'Or at the 1976 Cannes Film Festival. The film generated controversy at the time of its release for its depiction of violence and casting of a 12 year old Foster in the role of a child prostitute.

It is regularly cited by critics, film directors, and audiences alike as one of the greatest films of all time. In 2012, Sight & Sound named it the 31st-best film ever in its decennial critics' poll, ranked with The Godfather Part II, and the fifth-greatest film of all time on its directors' poll. The film was considered 'culturally, historically or aesthetically' significant by the US Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry in 1994.

• 3Production
• 5Controversies
• 7Reception
• 8Legacy

Plot[edit]

Travis Bickle is a lonely, depressed 26-year-old honorably dischargedU.S. Marine and Vietnam War veteran living in isolation in New York City. Travis takes a job as a night shift taxi driver to cope with his chronic insomnia, driving passengers around the city's boroughs. He frequents the porn theaters on 42nd Street and keeps a diary in which he consciously attempts to include aphorisms, such as 'You're only as healthy as you feel.'

Travis becomes infatuated with Betsy, a campaign volunteer for Senator and presidential candidate Charles Palantine. After watching her interact with fellow worker Tom through her window, Travis enters to volunteer as a pretext to talk to her, then takes her out for coffee. On a later date, he naively takes her to see a pornographic film, which offends her, and she goes home alone. His numerous attempts at reconciliation by sending flowers and apologizing over the phone are rebuffed, causing him to become embittered and convinced that she is exactly like the 'cold' people he detests in the city. He finally confronts her at the campaign office, berating her before being kicked out by Tom.

Travis is disgusted by the sleaze, dysfunction, and prostitution that he witnesses throughout the city. His worldview is furthered when an adolescent prostitute and runaway, Iris, enters his taxi, attempting to escape her pimp, Sport. Sport drags Iris from the taxi and throws Travis a crumpled $20 bill, which continually reminds Travis of her and the corruption that surrounds him. A similarly influential event occurs when an unhinged passenger gloats to Travis of his intentions to kill his adulterous wife and her lover. Travis confides in fellow taxi driver Wizard about his thoughts, which are beginning to turn violent; however, Wizard assures him that he will be fine, leaving Travis to his own destructive path.

In attempting to find an outlet for his frustrations, Travis begins a program of intense physical training. A fellow taxi driver refers him to an illegal gun dealer, 'Easy' Andy, from whom Travis buys four handguns, most notably a .44 MagnumSmith & Wesson Model 29. At home, Travis practices drawing his weapons, and modifies one to allow him to hide and quickly deploy it from his sleeve. He also begins attending Palantine's rallies to scope out their security. One night, Travis enters a convenience store moments before an attempted armed robbery, and fatally shoots the robber. The store owner takes responsibility for the deed, claiming Travis's illegal handgun as his own.

Travis seeks out Iris, through Sport, and twice tries to convince her to stop prostituting herself, an effort which partially convinces her. After a breakfast with Iris, Travis writes and mails a letter to her. The letter, containing money, states that he will soon be dead, and that Iris should return home. Travis cuts his hair into a mohawk, and attends a public rally where he plans to assassinate Palantine. Secret Service agents notice him putting his hand inside his coat and he is chased off, never having been identified.

That evening, Travis drives to Sport's brothel in the East Village. In a moving shootout that begins outside the brothel and ends in Iris's room, Travis first kills Sport, then Iris' customer, a mafioso. Iris, hysterical with fear, pleads with Travis to stop the killing. Instead, Travis kills the brothel's bouncer in front of her with his last bullet. Unable to commit suicide after the firefight, Travis resigns himself to sitting on a sofa next to Iris in her room. When the police arrive, he mimes shooting himself with his index finger.

Travis' shootout is seen by the police and press as an attempt to rescue Iris from armed gangsters. He is not prosecuted, and is hailed as a local hero in the press. He receives a letter from Iris' father, thanking him for saving her and revealing that she has returned home to Pittsburgh, where she is going to school. After weeks of recovery and a return to work as a taxi driver, Travis encounters Betsy as a fare. Travis drives her home, then refuses to let her pay the fare, driving away with a smile. As Travis drives off, he becomes suddenly agitated after noticing something in his rear-view mirror.

Cast[edit]

• Robert De Niro as Travis Bickle
• Jodie Foster as Iris 'Easy' Steensma
• Cybill Shepherd as Betsy
• Harvey Keitel as Charles 'Sport' Rain/'Matthew'
• Albert Brooks as Tom
• Leonard Harris as Charles Palantine
• Peter Boyle as 'Wizard'
• Harry Northup as 'Doughboy'
• Norman Matlock as Charlie T.
• Steven Prince as 'Easy' Andy
• Martin Scorsese as Homicidal Passenger Watching Window
• Murray Mosten as Iris' Bouncer
• Diahnne Abbott as Porn Theatre Concession Girl
• Vic Argo as Melio, Store Owner
• Richard Higgs as Tall Secret Service Agent
• Garth Avery as Iris' Friend
• Bill Minkin as Tom's Assistant
• Joe Spinell as Taxi Station Personnel Officer
• Nat Grant as Store Robber
• Robert Maroff as Anthony Sciloso, Mafioso with Iris
• Brenda Dickson as Actress in Soap Opera
• Beau Kayser as Actor in Soap Opera

^[6][7]

Production[edit]

According to Scorsese, it was Brian De Palma who introduced him to Paul Schrader. In Scorsese on Scorsese, Scorsese says Taxi Driver arose from his feeling that movies are like dreams or drug-induced reveries. He attempted to incubate within the viewer the feeling of being in a limbo state between sleeping and waking. He calls Travis an 'avenging angel' floating through the streets of a New York City intended to represent all cities everywhere. Scorsese calls attention to improvization in the film, such as in the scene between De Niro and Cybill Shepherd in the coffee shop. The director also cites Alfred Hitchcock's The Wrong Man and Jack Hazan's A Bigger Splash as inspirations for his camerawork in the movie.^[8]

In writing the script, Schrader was inspired by the diaries of Arthur Bremer (who shot presidential candidate George Wallace in 1972), by Jean-Paul Sartre's existential novel Nausea and John Ford's film The Searchers.^[9] The writer also used himself as inspiration; in a 1981 interview with Tom Snyder on the 'Tomorrow' show, Schrader related his experience living in New York City while battling chronic insomnia, which led him to frequent pornographic bookstores and theaters because they remained open all night. Following a divorce and a breakup with a live-in girlfriend, he spent a few weeks living in his car. After visiting a hospital for a stomach ulcer, Schrader wrote the screenplay for Taxi Driver in 'under a fortnight', recalling that 'When I was talking to the nurse, I realised I hadn't spoken to anyone in weeks . that was when the metaphor of the taxi occurred to me. That is what I was: this person in an iron box, a coffin, floating round the city, but seemingly alone'. Schrader decided to make Bickle a Vietnam vet because the national trauma of the war seemed to blend perfectly with Bickle's paranoid psychosis, making his experiences after the war more intense and threatening.^[10]

Symbolism[edit]

In Scorsese on Scorsese, Scorsese mentions the religious symbolism in the story, comparing Bickle to a saint who wants to cleanse or purge both his mind and his body of weakness. Bickle attempts to kill himself near the end of the movie as a tribute to the samurai's 'death with honor' principle.^[8]

When Travis meets Betsy to join him for coffee and pie, she is reminded of a line in Kris Kristofferson's song 'The Pilgrim, Chapter 33': 'He's a prophet and a pusher, partly truth, partly fiction—a walking contradiction.' On their date, Bickle takes her to see a Swedish 'sex education' film, which is in fact the American sexploitation film Sexual Freedom in Denmark with added Swedish sound.^[11]

Shot during a New York City summer heat wave and sanitationstrike in 1975, Taxi Driver came into conflict with the MPAA for its violence (Scorsese de-saturated the color in the final shoot-out, and the film got an R rating). To achieve the atmospheric scenes in Bickle's taxi, the sound men would get in the trunk and Scorsese and his cinematographer, Michael Chapman, would ensconce themselves on the back seat floor and use available light to shoot. Final cut 7 serial number. Chapman admitted the filming style was greatly influenced by Nouvelle Vague filmmaker Jean-Luc Godard and his cinematographer Raoul Coutard due to the fact the crew did not have the time nor the money to do 'traditional things'.^[12]

When Bickle decides to assassinate Senator Palantine, he cuts his hair into a Mohawk. This detail was suggested by actor Victor Magnotta, a friend of Scorsese, who had a small role as a Secret Service agent and who had served in Vietnam. Scorsese later noted: 'He told us that, in Saigon, if you saw a guy with his head shaved—like a little Mohawk—that usually meant that those people were ready to go into a certain Special Forces situation. You didn't even go near them. They were ready to kill.'^[9]

De Niro's preparation for the role[edit]

While preparing for his role as Bickle, De Niro was filming Bernardo Bertolucci's 1900 in Italy. According to Boyle, he would 'finish shooting on a Friday in Rome . get on a plane . [and] fly to New York'. De Niro obtained a taxi driver's license, and when on break would pick up a taxi and drive around New York for a couple of weeks, before returning to Rome to resume filming 1900. De Niro apparently lost 35 pounds and listened repeatedly to a taped reading of the diaries of Arthur Bremer. When he had time off from shooting 1900, De Niro visited an army base in Northern Italy and tape-recorded soldiers from the Midwestern United States, whose accents he thought might be appropriate for Travis's character.^[13]

Pre-production[edit]

Scorsese brought in the film title designerDan Perri to design the title sequence for Taxi Driver. Perri had been Scorsese's original choice to design the titles for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore in 1974, but Warner Bros would not allow him to hire an unknown designer. By the time Taxi Driver was going into production, Perri had established his reputation with his work on The Exorcist, and Scorsese was now able to hire him. Perri created the opening titles for Taxi Driver using second unit footage which he color-treated through a process of film copying and slit-scan, resulting in a highly stylised graphic sequence that evoked the 'underbelly' of New York City through lurid colors, glowing neon signs distorted nocturnal images and deep black levels. Perri went on to design opening titles for a number of major films after this including Star Wars (1977) and Raging Bull (1980).^[14][15]

New York Bankruptcy[edit]

Shooting took place on New York City's West Side, at a time when the city was on the brink of bankruptcy. According to producer Michael Phillips, 'the whole West Side was bombed out. There really were row after row of condemned buildings and that's what we used to build our sets, were condemned buildings. Now it's fashionable real estate . But New York and Times Square was shuddering and disgusting. It's just exciting to see the city bounce back and become the great place it is today from where it was then. We didn't know we were documenting what looked like the dying gasp of New York.'^[16]

Taking place in an actual apartment, the tracking shot over the murder scene at the end took three months of preparation just because the production team had to cut through the ceiling in order to get it right.^[17]

Music[edit]

Taxi Driver: Original Soundtrack Recording
Soundtrack album by
Released	May 19, 1998
Recorded	December 22 and 23, 1975[18]
Genre	Soundtrack
Length	61:33
Label	Arista
Producer	Michael Phillips, Neely Plumb

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	[19]

The music by Bernard Herrmann was his final score before his death on December 24, 1975, and the film is dedicated to his memory. Robert Barnett of MusicWeb International has said that it contrasts deep, sleazy noises, representing the 'scum' that Travis sees all over the city, with the saxophone, a musical counterpart to Travis, creating a mellifluously disenchanted troubadour, played by Tom Scott. Barnett also observes that the opposing noises in the soundtrack—gritty little harp figures, hard as shards of steel, as well as a jazz drum kit placing the drama in the city—are indicative of loneliness in the midst of mobs of people. Deep brass and woodwinds are also evident. Barnett heard in the drumbeat a wild-eyed martial air charting the pressure on Bickle, who is increasingly oppressed by the corruption around him, and that the harp, drum, and saxophone play significant roles in the music.^[20]

Jackson Browne's 'Late for the Sky' is also featured in the film, appearing in a scene where couples are dancing on the program American Bandstand as Travis watches on his television.^[21]

Controversies[edit]

Casting of Jodie Foster[edit]

Some critics showed concern over 12-year-old Foster's presence during the climactic shoot-out. Foster said that she was present during the setup and staging of the special effects used during the scene; the entire process was explained and demonstrated for her, step by step. Moreover, Foster said, she was fascinated and entertained by the behind-the-scenes preparation that went into the scene. In addition, before being given the part, Foster was subjected to psychological testing, attending sessions with a UCLA psychiatrist, to ensure that she would not be emotionally scarred by her role, in accordance with California Labor Board requirements monitoring children's welfare on film sets.^[22][23]

Copies of the film distributed for TV broadcast had an unexplained disclaimer added during the closing credits:^[24][25]

To our Television Audience: In the aftermath of violence, the distinction between hero and villain is sometimes a matter of interpretation or misinterpretation of facts. 'Taxi Driver' suggests that tragic errors can be made.

— The Filmmakers.

Additional concerns surrounding Foster's age focus on the role she played as Iris, a prostitute. Years later she confessed how uncomfortable the treatment of her character was on set. Scorsese did not know how to approach different scenes with the actress. The director relied on Robert De Niro to deliver his directions to the young actress. Foster often expressed how De Niro, in that moment, became a mentor to her, stating that her acting career was highly influenced by the actor's advice during the filming of Taxi Driver.^[26]

John Hinckley Jr.[edit]

Taxi Driver formed part of the delusional fantasy of John Hinckley Jr.^[27] that triggered his attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan in 1981, an act for which he was found not guilty by reason of insanity.^[28] Hinckley stated that his actions were an attempt to impress actress Jodie Foster, on whom Hinckley was fixated, by mimicking Travis's mohawked appearance at the Palantine rally. His attorney concluded his defense by playing the movie for the jury.^[29][30] When Scorsese heard about Hinckley's motivation behind his assassination attempt, he temporarily thought about quitting filmmaking as the association brought a negative perception of the film.^[31]

R rating[edit]

The climactic shoot-out was considered intensely graphic by a few critics, considering an X-rating for the film.^[32] To attain an 'R' rating, Scorsese had the colors de-saturated, making the brightly colored blood less prominent. In later interviews, Scorsese commented that he was pleased by the color change and considered it an improvement over the originally filmed scene.^[33] In the special-edition DVD, Michael Chapman, the film's cinematographer, regrets the decision and the fact that no print with the unmuted colors exists anymore, as the originals had long since deteriorated.

Themes and interpretations[edit]

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While Taxi Driver chronicles Travis's excessive response to the perceived decline of the city, perhaps more fundamentally, the decline of the city seems to engender the decline of the male hero—Travis's inability to function in individual, collective, and heteronormative terms.^[34]

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Roger Ebert has written of the film's ending:

There has been much discussion about the ending, in which we see newspaper clippings about Travis's 'heroism' of saving Iris, and then Betsy gets into his cab and seems to give him admiration instead of her earlier disgust. Is this a fantasy scene? Did Travis survive the shoot-out? Are we experiencing his dying thoughts? Can the sequence be accepted as literally true? . I am not sure there can be an answer to these questions. The end sequence plays like music, not drama: It completes the story on an emotional, not a literal, level. We end not on carnage but on redemption, which is the goal of so many of Scorsese's characters.^[35]

James Berardinelli, in his review of the film, argues against the dream or fantasy interpretation, stating:

Scorsese and writer Paul Schrader append the perfect conclusion to Taxi Driver. Steeped in irony, the five-minute epilogue underscores the vagaries of fate. The media builds Bickle into a hero, when, had he been a little quicker drawing his gun against Senator Palantine, he would have been reviled as an assassin. As the film closes, the misanthrope has been embraced as the model citizen—someone who takes on pimps, drug dealers, and mobsters to save one little girl.^[36]

On the LaserDiscaudio commentary, Scorsese acknowledged several critics' interpretation of the film's ending as being Bickle's dying dream. He admits that the last scene of Bickle glancing at an unseen object implies that Bickle might fall into rage and recklessness in the future, and he is like 'a ticking time bomb'.^[37] Writer Paul Schrader confirms this in his commentary on the 30th-anniversary DVD, stating that Travis 'is not cured by the movie's end', and that 'he's not going to be a hero next time.'^[38] When asked on the website Reddit about the film's ending, Schrader said that it was not to be taken as a dream sequence, but that he envisioned it as returning to the beginning of the film—as if the last frame 'could be spliced to the first frame, and the movie started all over again.'^[39]

https://caeprimgeter.tistory.com/4. The film has also been connected with the 1970s wave of vigilante films and has been noted as a more respectable New Hollywood counterpart to the numerous exploitation vigilante films of the decade.^[40] However, despite similarities between Taxi Driver and the vigilante films of the 1970s, the film has also been explicitly distinguished as not being a vigilante film or not belonging to the 1970s vigilante film wave.^[41]

The film can be viewed as a spiritual successor to The Searchers. As Roger Ebert pointed out,^[42] both films center on a lonely war veteran who attempts to rescue a young girl who does not want to be saved. Both also portray the main character as someone who is alienated from society and who cannot establish normal relationships with people. It is not clear whether Paul Schrader looked for this film specifically for inspiration, but the similarities are apparent.

Some critics have described the film as 'neo-noir'.^[43][44]It has also been referred to as an antihero film.^[45][46]

Reception[edit]

Box office[edit]

Filmed on a budget of $1.9 million, Taxi Driver grossed $28.3 million in the United States,^[47] making it the 17th-highest-grossing film of 1976.

Critical response[edit]

Roger Ebert instantly praised it as one of the greatest films he had ever seen, claiming:

Taxi Driver is a hell, from the opening shot of a cab emerging from stygian clouds of steam to the climactic killing scene in which the camera finally looks straight down. Scorsese wanted to look away from Travis's rejection; we almost want to look away from his life. But he's there, all right, and he's suffering.^[48]

It was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor (De Niro), and received the Palme d'Or at the 1976 Cannes Film Festival.^[49] It has been selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.^[50] The film was chosen by Time as one of the 100 best films of all time.^[51]

Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 98% based on reviews from 82 critics with an average rating of 9.05/10; the site's consensus states: 'A must-see film for movie lovers, this Martin Scorsese masterpiece is as hard-hitting as it is compelling, with Robert De Niro at his best.'^[52]Metacritic gives the film a score of 94 out of 100, based on reviews from 23 critics, indicating 'universal acclaim'.^[53]

The July/August 2009 issue of Film Comment polled several critics on the best films to win the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival. Taxi Driver placed first, above films such as Il Gattopardo, Viridiana, Blowup, The Conversation, Apocalypse Now, La Dolce Vita, and Pulp Fiction.^[54]

Taxi Driver was ranked by the American Film Institute as the 52nd-greatest American film on its AFI's 100 Years.100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) list, and Bickle was voted the 30th greatest villain in a poll by the same organization. Empire also ranked him 18th in its 'The 100 Greatest Movie Characters' poll,^[55] and the film ranks at No. 17 on the magazine's 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time.^[56]

Time Out magazine conducted a poll of the 100 greatest movies set in New York City. Taxi Driver topped the list placing at No. 1.^[57]

Schrader's screenplay for the film was ranked the 43rd greatest ever written by the Writers Guild of America.^[58]

By contrast, Leonard Maltin gave a rating of only 2 stars and called the film a 'gory, cold-blooded story of sick man's lurid descent into violence' which was 'ugly and unredeeming'.^[59]

Accolades[edit]

Award	Category	Nominee	Result
Cannes Film Festival[49]	Palme d'Or	Martin Scorsese	Won
Hochi Film Award	Best Foreign Film		Won
LAFCA Award[60]	Best Actor	Robert De Niro	Won
	Best Music	Bernard Herrmann	Won
	New Generation Award	Jodie Foster Martin Scorsese	Won
Academy Award[61]	Best Actor in a Leading Role	Robert De Niro	Nominated
	Best Actress in a Supporting Role	Jodie Foster	Nominated
	Best Music, Original Score	Bernard Herrmann (posthumous nomination)	Nominated
	Best Picture	Michael Phillips and Julia Phillips	Nominated
BAFTA Award[62]	Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music	Bernard Herrmann	Won
	Best Supporting Actress	Jodie Foster	Won
	Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles		Won
	Best Actor	Robert De Niro	Nominated
	Best Direction	Martin Scorsese	Nominated
	Best Film	Nominated
	Best Film Editing	Marcia Lucas Tom Rolf Melvin Shapiro	Nominated
Blue Ribbon Award	Best Foreign Film	Martin Scorsese	Won
David di Donatello Award	Special David	Jodie Foster	Won
		Martin Scorsese	Won
DGA Award	Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures		Nominated
Golden Globe Award[63]	Best Motion Picture Actor – Drama	Robert De Niro	Nominated
	Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture	Jodie Foster	Nominated
Grammy Award	Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or Television Special	Bernard Herrmann	Nominated
Kinema Junpo Award	Best Foreign Language Film Director	Martin Scorsese	Won
NSFC Award	Best Actor	Robert De Niro	Won
	Best Director	Martin Scorsese	Won
	Best Supporting Actress	Jodie Foster	Won
	Best Film	Nominated
	Best Supporting Actor	Harvey Keitel	Nominated
NYFCC Award	Best Actor	Robert De Niro	Won
	Best Director	Martin Scorsese	Nominated
	Best Supporting Actor	Harvey Keitel	Nominated
	Best Supporting Actress	Jodie Foster	Nominated
WGA Award	Best Drama Written Directly for the Screen	Paul Schrader	Nominated

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Legacy[edit]

Taxi Driver, American Gigolo, Light Sleeper, and The Walker make up a series referred to variously as the 'Man in a Room' or 'Night Worker' films. Screenwriter Paul Schrader (who directed the latter three films) has said that he considers the central characters of the four films to be one character, who has changed as he has aged.^[64][65] The film also influenced the Charles Winkler film You Talkin' to Me?^[66]

The 1994 portrayal of psychopath Albie Kinsella by Robert Carlyle in British television series Cracker was in part inspired by Travis Bickle, and Carlyle's performance has frequently been compared to De Niro's as a result.^[67][68]

In the 2012 film Seven Psychopaths, psychotic Los Angeles actor Billy Bickle (Sam Rockwell) believes himself to be the illegitimate son of Travis Bickle.^[69]

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The vigilante ending inspired Jacques Audiard for his 2015 Palme d'Or-winning film Dheepan. The French director based the eponymous Tamil Tiger character on the one played by Robert De Niro in order to make him a 'real movie hero'.^[70]

'You talkin' to me?'[edit]

'You Talkin' to Me?' redirects here. For the comedy, see You Talkin' to Me? (film).

De Niro's 'You talkin' to me?' speech has become a pop culture mainstay. In 2005, it was ranked number 10 on the American Film Institute's AFI's 100 Years. 100 Movie Quotes.

In the relevant scene, the deranged Bickle is looking into a mirror at himself, imagining a confrontation that would give him a chance to draw his gun:

'You talkin' to me? You talkin' to me? You talkin' to me? Then who the hell else are you talkin' to? You talkin' to me? Well I'm the only one here. Who the fuck do you think you're talking to?'

Scorsese said that he drew inspiration from John Huston's 1967 movie Reflections in a Golden Eye in a scene in which Marlon Brando's character is facing the mirror.^[71]

Screenwriter Paul Schrader does not take credit for the line, saying that his script only read 'Travis speaks to himself in the mirror', and that De Niro improvised the dialogue. However, he went on to say that De Niro's performance was inspired by 'an underground New York comedian' he had once seen, possibly including his signature line.^[72]

Roger Ebert said of the latter part of the phrase 'I'm the only one here' that it was 'the truest line in the film. Travis Bickle's desperate need to make some kind of contact somehow—to share or mimic the effortless social interaction he sees all around him, but does not participate in.'^[73]

In his 2009 memoir, saxophonist Clarence Clemons said that De Niro explained the line's origins when Clemons coached De Niro to play the saxophone for the 1977 film New York, New York. Clemons said that De Niro had seen Bruce Springsteen say the line onstage at a concert as fans were screaming his name, and decided to make the line his own.^[74]

Home media[edit]

The first Collector's Edition DVD, released in 1999, was packaged as a single-disc edition release. It contained special features, such as behind-the-scenes and several trailers, including one for Taxi Driver.

In 2006, a 30th-anniversary 2-disc Collector's Edition DVD was released. The first disc contains the film itself, two audio commentaries (one by writer Schrader and the other by Professor Robert Kolker), and trailers. This edition also retains some of the special features from the earlier release on the second disc, as well as some newly produced documentary material.^[75]

https://caeprimgeter.tistory.com/11. A Blu-ray was released on April 5, 2011, to commemorate the film's 35th anniversary. It includes the special features from the previous 2-disc collector's edition, plus an audio commentary by Scorsese released in 1991 for the Criterion Collection, previously released on Laserdisc.^[76]

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As part of the Blu-ray production, Sony gave the film a full 4K digital restoration, which included scanning and cleaning the original negative (removing emulsion dirt and scratches). Colors were matched to director-approved prints under guidance from Scorsese and director of photography Michael Chapman. An all-new losslessDTS-HD Master Audio5.1 soundtrack was also made from the original stereo recordings by Scorsese's personal sound team.^[77][78] The restored print premiered in February 2011 at the Berlin Film Festival, and to promote the Blu-ray, Sony also had the print screened at AMC Theatres across the United States on March 19 and 22.^[79][80][81]

Possible sequel and remake[edit]

Watch Taxi Driver Putlocker

Free motion graphics software for mac. In late January 2005, a sequel was announced by De Niro and Scorsese.^[82] At a 25th-anniversary screening of Raging Bull, De Niro talked about the story of an older Travis Bickle being in development. Also in 2000, De Niro mentioned interest in bringing back the character in conversation with Actors Studio host James Lipton.^[83] In November 2013, he revealed that Schrader had done a first draft but both he and Scorsese thought that it was not good enough to go beyond.^[84]

In 2010, Variety reported rumors that Lars von Trier, Scorsese, and De Niro planned to work on a remake of the film with the same restrictions that were used in The Five Obstructions.^[85] In 2014, Paul Schrader said that it was not being made. He said, 'It was a terrible idea' and 'in Marty's mind, it never was something that should be done.'^[86]

References[edit]

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3. ^'Taxi Driver (1976)'. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
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12. ^Kilday, Gregg (April 7, 2016). 'Taxi Driver Oral History: De Niro, Scorsese, Foster, Schrader Spill All on 40th Anniversary'. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
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